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Function as a machine A function can also be regarded as a machine that gives unique output in set B corresponding to each input from the set A just as the function ‘machine’ shown in Fig. 2(b). Which generate an output y = 2×3 + 5 for each input x. Fig. 2(b) Usually real…
Complement of a set Let U be the universal set and let A be a set such that A ⊂ U. Then the complement of A with respect to U is denoted by A’ or Ac or U-A and is defined the set of all those elements of U which are not in A. Thus…
Quasi-static process A process during which the system remains nearly close to an equilibrium state is called Quasistatic process. In other words departure of the state of a system from Thermodynamic Equilibrium state will be Infinitesimally small. Quasi-static process Consider a system as shown in figure the system initially is in equilibrium state as weights…
Types of relation Void relation:- Let A be a set. Then, Φ ⊆ A x A and so it is a relation on A. This relation is called the void or empty relation on set A. In other words, a relation R on a set A is called void or empty relation, if no element…
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Union of sets Let A and B be two sets. The union of A and B is the set of all those elements which belong either to A or to B or to both A and B. We denote A union B by notation “A ∪ B” Thus A∪B = { x : x ∈…
