Open Interval

Disjoint sets Two sets A and B are said to be disjoint, if A∩B=Φ. If A∩B≠Φ, then A and B are said to be intersecting or overlapping sets As shown in Fig(vi) Fig(vi)  Example If A={ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }, B={ 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 } and C= { 6, 8, 10,…

Theorem 3          The total number of subsets of a finite set containing n elements is 2ⁿ.    Proof    Let A be a finite set containing n elements.Let 0 ≤ r ≤ n. Consider those subset,of A that  have r elements each.We know that the number of ways in which r elements can be chosen…

Thermodynamic equilibrium Thermodynamic state is a condition of a system and is specified by its thermodynamic properties. Thermodynamic Equilibrium of a system is a state such that if the system is isolated from its surroundings no change in thermodynamic properties would occur. A system will be in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium if the conditions…

Macroscopic and Microscopic Approaches The behaviour of matter can be studied by two approaches 1. Macroscopic approach,                             2. Microscopic approach 1. Macroscopic approach – In the macroscopic approach a certain quantity of matter is considered for study without knowing the behaviour of individual…

Energy interaction (Transition)             An energy interaction or transition is said to occur or to exist between two systems when one system influences a sustains the state of the other system. Thermodynamics mainly studies the interactions between heat and work and associated property change of the system In otherwords Energy…

Power set  Let A be a set. Then the collection or family of all subsets of A is called the power set of A and is denoted by P(A). That is.  P(A) = { S : S ⊂ A }. Since the empty set and the set A itself are subsets of A and are…