Thermodynamic system Thermodynamic system is defined as quantity of matter or a region in a space chosen for study. Everything external to the system is called surroundings. The system is separated from the surroundings by the boundary that may be real or imaginary The boundary does not intervene between the system and surroundings. It only…
Function as a set of ordered pairs Let A and B be two non-empty sets. A relation f from A to B i.e a subset of A × B is called a function (or a mapping or a map) from A to B, if i) for each a ∈ A there exists b ∈ B…
Introduction about thermodynamics Energy is the capacity to do work energy cannot be created or destroyed but only can be changed into other forms (principle of conservation of energy). Thermodynamics mainly deals with interaction between heat and work (mechanical energy) and change in the property is associated with these interactions. The interaction between heat and…
Ideal gases The term gas is applied to a particular phase of a pure substance which will fills the system boundary, and no change of phase takes place or is contemplated. They always exist in gaseous form. For this reason, they have been called permanent gases. Perfect…
Relation Let A and B be two sets. Then a relation from set A to B is a subset of A × B. Thus, R is a relation from A to B⇔R ⊆ A × B. If R is a relation from a non-void set A to non-void set B and my if (a, b)…
Macroscopic and Microscopic Approaches The behaviour of matter can be studied by two approaches 1. Macroscopic approach, 2. Microscopic approach 1. Macroscopic approach – In the macroscopic approach a certain quantity of matter is considered for study without knowing the behaviour of individual…
