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Macroscopic and Microscopic Approaches The behaviour of matter can be studied by two approaches 1. Macroscopic approach, 2. Microscopic approach 1. Macroscopic approach – In the macroscopic approach a certain quantity of matter is considered for study without knowing the behaviour of individual…
Relation Let A and B be two sets. Then a relation from set A to B is a subset of A × B. Thus, R is a relation from A to B⇔R ⊆ A × B. If R is a relation from a non-void set A to non-void set B and my if (a, b)…
Open interval If a and b are two real numbers such that a < b, then the set of all real numbers x satisfying a x b is called an open interval and is denoted by (a, b) or ]a, b[ . Thus, (a,b) = (x: x ∈ R, a < x < b).
Venn diagrams The diagram drawn to represent sets are called Venn-diagram. In Venn-diagram the universal set U is represented by points within the rectangle and its subsets are represented points in closed curves (usually circles) within the rectangle. If a set A is a subset of a set B, then the circles representing A is…
Introduction about thermodynamics Energy is the capacity to do work energy cannot be created or destroyed but only can be changed into other forms (principle of conservation of energy). Thermodynamics mainly deals with interaction between heat and work (mechanical energy) and change in the property is associated with these interactions. The interaction between heat and…
Symmetry difference of sets Let A and B be two sets. The symmetry difference of sets A and B is the set (A-B) ∪ (B-A) and it is denoted by A ∆ B. Then A∆B=(A-B) ∪ (B-A) = {x : x ∉ A ∩ B}. In Fig 9 shaded region represents A∆B Fig (9) Example…
