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| Fig(vi) |
Pressure The molecules of a gas are in random motion. The rapidly moving molecules continually impact on the surface of the container and its effect is to produce a force over the surface. The force normal to unit area of surface is called pressure acting on the surface. The normal force exerted by the atmosphere…
Open interval If a and b are two real numbers such that a < b, then the set of all real numbers x satisfying a x b is called an open interval and is denoted by (a, b) or ]a, b[ . Thus, (a,b) = (x: x ∈ R, a < x < b).
Theorem 3 The total number of subsets of a finite set containing n elements is 2ⁿ. Proof Let A be a finite set containing n elements.Let 0 ≤ r ≤ n. Consider those subset,of A that have r elements each.We know that the number of ways in which r elements can be chosen…
Macroscopic and Microscopic Approaches The behaviour of matter can be studied by two approaches 1. Macroscopic approach, 2. Microscopic approach 1. Macroscopic approach – In the macroscopic approach a certain quantity of matter is considered for study without knowing the behaviour of individual…
Union of sets Let A and B be two sets. The union of A and B is the set of all those elements which belong either to A or to B or to both A and B. We denote A union B by notation “A ∪ B” Thus A∪B = { x : x ∈…
Ideal gases The term gas is applied to a particular phase of a pure substance which will fills the system boundary, and no change of phase takes place or is contemplated. They always exist in gaseous form. For this reason, they have been called permanent gases. Perfect…
